Voto voluntario y participación electoral en el Perú: Evidencia de las elecciones de 2006
Autores/as
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Betford Betalleluz
Universidad ESAN
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9516-8032
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Javier Torres
Universidad del Pacífico
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6850-1395
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Camila del Carmen Ayala Ríos
Universidad del Pacífico
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4878-8286
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Naomi Gabriela Rodriguez Quispe
Universidad del Pacífico
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9725-3032
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Resumen
Este estudio analiza el impacto del voto voluntario en la participación electoral en Perú, aprovechando la legislación que exime del voto obligatorio a los ciudadanos mayores de 70 años. Utilizando datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares (ENAHO) y un modelo de probabilidad lineal con controles sociodemográficos, se encuentra que la transición al voto voluntario reduce significativamente la participación electoral. Este efecto es más pronunciado en mujeres y personas con menor nivel educativo, lo que sugiere que la obligatoriedad del voto juega un papel clave en la inclusión política de estos grupos. Los resultados destacan la necesidad de estrategias que fomenten la participación voluntaria y minimicen el impacto desigual del voto facultativo.Palabras clave:
voto voluntario , voto obligatorio , participación electoral , modelos de probabilidadCitas
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